This short booklet is designed to provide a general understanding of the Islamic prayer for those who are curious about what Muslims do and say in their prayers. It was prepared in response to questions from adult Jewish and Christian students in Dr. Chaudry’s class on Islam at the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute at Rutgers University who visit a mosque each semester. Thus, while it does not provide the Arabic text or the details necessary to learn how to perform the canonical prayers in Islam, it should help anyone observing an Islamic prayer to understand what is going on in each step.